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Thermal Generation and Recombination briefly explain

Thermal Generation

When at room temperature say 32°c some heat energy is gain by the valence electrons to break the covalent bond and become free from it parents atom,this electron is called free electron. It can move in the structure of atom randomly. It leaves a hole from where it become free by breaking the covalent bond. The process of Generation of holes-electron pair due to thermal energy is called thermal Generation.

               

  Recombination

When a covalent bond is broken and an electron leaves from it's parents atom, it creates a holes at the place from where it become free
The free electron which become free from the covalent bond moves at randomly combines with holes and the covalent bond is from again.The process of combination of holes and free electron is called recombination.
                                                   This figured shows that an electron liberated from A on account of thermal Generation to combine with a hole B to fill it. The has shifted from B to A.       The no. Of holes and the no. Of electron in a semiconductor at any time is equal. Hence the semiconductor itself has no charge on it.
• The point to be noted that both the thermal Generation and Recombination are continous process. Free electron continue to move and combine and holes keep on getting fill at one place due to recombination and continue to be generated at other place due to thermal Generation.

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